(Updated April 2019)
So I teased this one a little bit in the latest round up. The number one question that I get from students (aside from the classic, “Will this be on the exam?”) is: “How do I tell if this is a peer-reviewed article?” Some professors are bewildered by this question. After all, isn’t it obvious? Unfortunately, most first year students (and many second, third, and fourth year students) have never heard the term before. So in this blog post, I’m going to provide a (really) short introduction to the concept of peer-review and how to tell when an article is peer-reviewed. I’m also going to talk about a couple of publications that are commonly perceived by students to be peer-reviewed, but are actually not. The remainder of the blog post will be devoted a comprehensive list of peer-reviewed journals that publish articles on Canadian history.
While I created this post with undergraduates in mind, this is also a great resource for new graduate students or scholars who are trying to get their work published. Not only does do I list all of the relevant journals that publish articles on Canadian history, but I also include information about their websites, publication frequency and schedules, their scope, access (whether you can read them for free or not – open versus closed), the languages they accept, and available formats.
What is Peer Review?
As with many terms, the explanation lies in the word itself. At its most basic, “peer review” means that a publication has been reviewed by the author’s peers (2 to 4 scholars who work in the same or related fields) prior to publication and deemed to be acceptable.
Peer review is extremely important when it comes to scholarly work. Think of it as a jury for a publication, only rather deciding the guilt or innocence of a party, it’s deciding whether or not it is a good piece of scholarship. Peer review helps the scholarly community by ensuring that everything released to the public is properly researched, has reviewed existing literature, makes a sound conclusion based on an convincing argument and a good methodology, and is an original contribution to the field. In other words, you can trust that the information inside the publication is most likely accurate. A publication that is not peer-reviewed isn’t necessarily bad, it just means that it doesn’t have that gold-seal of approval. Just as most people wouldn’t go to a doctor who doesn’t have a medical degree, most scholars avoid non-peer reviewed publications when it comes to research.
Expert Tip: While it’s generally viewed as a good system, it still doesn’t catch everything! Remember to be critical of anything you read, even if it’s written by someone with a Ph.D, including this blog. 😉
How Can You Tell if an Article is Peer Reviewed?
While we wait for someone to invent a magical peer-review detector (Hogwarts, I’m looking at you), there are a few basic things to look for when identifying if an article is peer-reviewed. There are two basic methods: Quick and Dirty and Official
Quick and Dirty
There are a few simple characteristics to look for when it comes to quickly identifying whether an article is peer-reviewed. Here’s what I usually tell my students:
- The article should be a minimum of 10 to 12 pages long.
- The article must have either footnotes or endnotes (and more than just a couple).
- The article’s author has either a master’s or a Ph.D in the field they are writing about.
In my experience, this eliminates the vast majority of articles that are not peer-reviewed, and is a good place to start.
Official
If you want to make absolutely sure that an article is peer-reviewed, the best way to do this is to verify that the journal in which the article is published is refereed. Refereed is basically just another word for peer-reviewed. You can determine this information by going to the journal’s website and looking at its description. If you are researching through a university library, you can also look the journal up on the Ulrich’s Periodicals Directory. This is an official directory of all journals, and will tell you whether or not the journal you are looking up is refereed. Additionally, you can (and probably should) speak with a university librarian. There are usually “subject librarians” for each university subject; the “history librarian” at your university library will be able to give you a comprehensive list of peer-reviewed publications. Finally, you can always ask your professor!
Book Reviews are Not Peer-Reviewed
The reason why I usually recommend that students use the quick and dirty method is that verifying whether a journal is peer-reviewed or refereed doesn’t actually tell you if an article is as well. The main culprit here is the book review. Journals publish a number of different pieces of writing in each issue, including reviews of new scholarly books. These reviews are done by academics, but they are not peer-reviewed prior to publication. So they are not good sources for students or scholars to use in their research, unless they are trying to determine if a book is peer-reviewed (which is a whole other blog post). You can easily tell when something is a book review because it’s usually only a couple of pages in length, with a couple of citations, and the only thing that is discussed in the article is the book or books mentioned at the beginning.
A Journal By Any Other Name….
There are two publications that really seem to confuse students when it comes to whether or not they are peer-reviewed. These are Canadian Issues and Canada’s History (formerly known as The Beaver, which always makes students laugh. Who’s idea was that anyways?) The reason for the confusion is that these publications often contain articles written by academics. However, these are magazines, not scholarly journals. That means that the articles inside of them are not peer-reviewed. They might be interesting to use, but they are not scholarly sources of information. These articles also don’t pass the Quick and Dirty test, since they are rarely more than 5 to 10 pages, and contain minimal citations.
Peer-Reviewed Canadian History Journals
I realize that even with all of this information, it can still be difficult to tell whether or not something is peer-reviewed. To help you out, I’ve compiled a list of all of the journals that concentrate primarily on the history of Canada (just make sure you’re using the articles and not the book reviews!) These are all accepted by the scholarly community as peer-reviewed.
I do want to note that these are simply publications that deal mostly, but not exclusively, with Canada. There are lots of other articles that look at various aspects of Canadian history, but are published in journals that are not limited to a particular geographic area. I haven’t included these journals on the list, simply because they may publish material on Canada once a year, if at all, and if I included them, this list would never end.
National History
Frequency of publication: 4 times per year
Publication Schedule: March, June, September, December
Focus: Considered by some to be the premier journal of Canadian history, the CHR publishes articles on a broad range of topics, all dealing in some way with Canadian history. Transnational and comparative topics are also welcome, as are articles on historiography and methodology.
Access: Closed
Language: English and French
Format: Print and Online
Frequency of publication: 3 times per year
Publication Schedule: Spring-Summer, Autumn, Winter
Focus: The Canadian Journal of History publishes articles that deal with any and all kinds of history. The Canadian part of the title simply refers to the journal’s Canadian origins. Although the journal’s main focus is on historical subjects outside of Canadian territorial boundaries, it does occasionally publish articles on Canadian subjects. Don’t be fooled by the title, but don’t overlook it either.
Language: English and French
Access: Closed
Format: Print and Online
Histoire sociale/Social History
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Publication Schedule: May, November
Focus: Histoire sociale publishes articles that deal specifically with social history, meaning they publish articles that focus on the lived experiences of ordinary people. While this is a Canadian journal and many of the articles are geographically focused here as well, they do publish articles dealing with other parts of the world.
Access: Closed
Language: English and French
Format: Print and Online
The Journal of the Canadian Historical Association
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: The JCHA is the official journal of the Canadian Historical Association (CHA), the official professional organization for Canadian historians. The journal publishes the best full-length articles based on presentations from the annual CHA conference. Again, while this is a Canadian publication, it does publish articles from other geographic areas so long as the author is Canadian. The first issue of each volume is in print and online, while the second is online only and devoted to thematic topics.
Access: Closed
Language: English and French
Format: Print (first issue only) and Online
Note: This journal publishes on a year-long delay, for example, the 2015 issue was actually published in 2016.
Revue d’histoire de l’Amérique française
Frequency of publication: 4 times per year
Focus: The RHAF publishes articles that deal with the history of Francophone experience in Quebec, Canada, and North America.
Language: French
Access: Closed
Format: Print and Online
Regional Histories
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Publication Schedule: Summer/Fall, Winter/Spring
Focus: Acadiensis publishes articles that deal exclusively with Atlantic Canada (including PEI, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Newfoundland/Labrador) as well as most of the Eastern coast of North America, regardless of approach, methodology, or topic.
Language: English and French
Access: Closed (Winter/Spring 2016 available for free as of this posting)
Format: Print and Online and (Winter/Spring 2016 and onwards)
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: Ontario History publishes scholarly articles that deal with any aspects of Ontario’s history.
Language: English
Access: Open (Except the most recent issue)
Format: Print and Online (After 2013).
Frequency of publication: 3 times per year
Publication Schedule: Winter, Fall, Spring/Summer
Focus: This journal publishes scholarly (peer-reviewed) and popular articles on the subject of Manitoba history. The popular articles are contained in their own section, called Pageant.
Language: English
Access: Open to June 2007, closed afterwards
Format: Print and Online
Thematic History
Frequency of publication: 3 times per year
Publication Schedule: Winter, Spring, Fall
Focus: The Bulletin d’histoire politique publishes all articles that looks at various themes relating to politics and history in Quebec. Each issue is devoted to a particular theme, like citizenship, the 1950s, and so on.
Language: French
Access: Closed
Format: Print and Online
Canadian Bulletin of Medical History
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: This journal publishes all articles that are related to medical history. Although its main focus is on Canadian history, it does publish articles that look at other parts of the world.
Language: English and French
Access: Open prior to 2015, Closed afterwards
Format: Online
Canadian Journal of Law and Society/La Revue Canadienne Droit et Société
Frequency of publication: three times per year (April, August, December)
Focus: The Canadian Journal of Law and Society/Revue Canadienne Droit et Société is an interdisciplinary journal which publishes articles with a focus on legal scholarship, intersecting with sociology, gender, history, criminology, and other research focuses.
Languages: English and French
Access: Partial access, requires subscription for most articles
Format: Print and Online
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Publication Schedule: Winter/Spring, Summer/Fall
Focus: This journal publishes articles that deal with any aspect of Canadian military or strategic history. This includes papers that are based on research as well as pedagogical discussions. The journal also deals with contemporary events related to the theme of the military.
Language: English
Access: Open
Format: Online (Use the pulldown menu to the left to look at older issues)
Historical Studies in Education
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Publication Schedule: Spring and Fall
Focus: This journal publishes articles that deal with any aspect of the history of education or education policy. While their focus is primarily Canadian, they do publish articles from and about other countries.
Language: English and French
Access: Open
Format: Print and Online
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year (regular volume and special issue)
Focus: Oral History Forum publishes articles that use oral history as a tool to understand various aspects of history. Though the journal mostly publishes material related to Canadian history, it does also publish articles that use oral history to study other parts of the world.
Language: English
Access: Open after 12 months
Format: Print and Online
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: This journal publishes any article that focuses on using material objects as a lens through which to understand the past. Like Oral History Forum, Material History Review publishes mostly articles on Canadian history, but is international in scope.
Language: English and French
Access: Closed
Format: Print (up to 2005) and Online
Note: This journal hasn’t published a new issue since 2014 but appears to still be active.
Mens : revue d’histoire intellectuelle de l’Amérique française
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Publication Schedule: Spring and Fall
Focus: Mens publishes articles that are related to some aspects of intellectual or cultural history in French North America.
Language: French
Access: Open
Format: Print and Online
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Publication Schedule: Spring and Fall
Focus: This journal publishes articles that either use a labour history methodology or are focused on the experiences of working people. This is primarily a Canadian journal, though it does also publish articles that examine other parts of the world.
Language: English and French
Access: Everything is Open except for the two most recent issues
Format: Print and Online
Frequency of publication: 4 times per year
Focus: This journal publishes articles dealing with the history of the North Atlantic and North Pacific. Although this is a Canadian journal, and much of the content is Canadian, the focus of the journal is international in scope.
Language: English (as far as I can tell)
Access: Open
Format: Print and Online
Recherches amérindiennes au Québec
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: The journal des recherches amérindiennes au Québec focuses on socio-political issues facing indigenous peoples not just in Québec but in North America, and publishes articles from a wide range of specializations including history and anthropology.
Language: French
Access: Two most recent are closed, open afterward.
Format: Print and online on érudit.
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: This journal publishes articles touching on the history of science, technology, and medicine in Canada.
Language: English and French
Access: Open
Format: Print and Online
Urban History Review
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Publication Schedule: Generally March and October, recently in June.
Focus: UHR publishes articles that deal with the history of Canada’s cities and urban areas.
Language: English and French
Access: Closed for the first two years, open thereafter
Format: Print and Online
Studies/Interdisciplinary
*Note: These journals are not devoted to the study of history, though they frequently publish history articles. Just make sure the article you are using is written by someone who is taking an historical approach to the subject, and you should be fine. That person may not be a historian, but could be a historical geographer, historical sociologist, etc.*
American Review of Canadian Studies
Frequency of publication: 4 times per year
Publication Schedule: March, June, September, December
Focus: This journal is produced by the Association for Canadian Studies in the United States, and publishes articles on Canada from an American perspective. Again, this is not exclusively a history publication, but instead features articles from the humanities and social sciences more broadly.
Language: English
Access: Closed
Format: Print and Online
Atlantis: Critical Studies in Gender, Culture, and Social Justice
Frequency of publication: two times per year
Focus: This interdisciplinary journal publishes articles that use a critical lens to study topics that are related to women and gender studies.
Language: English and French
Access: Open
Format: Print (up to at least 2011, unclear afterwards) and Online
Frequency of publication: 4 times per year
Publication Schedule: Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter
Focus: BC Studies publishes articles that focus on British Columbia. This is not an exclusively historical journal, and instead publishes articles from a range of disciplines that fall under the umbrellas of humanities and social sciences. They also frequently publish thematic special issues.
Language: English (so far as I can tell)
Access: Closed
Format: Print and Online
British Journal of Canadian Studies
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: This journal is produced by the British Association for Canadian studies, and looks at the Canadian experiences from a comparative perspective. Again, this is not exclusively a history publication, but instead features articles from the humanities and social sciences more broadly.
Language: English and (occasionally) French
Access: Closed
Format: Print and Online
Frequency of publication: 3 times per year
Focus: Canadian Ethnic Studies is produced by the Canadian Ethnic Studies Association and publishes articles from a range of disciplines dealing with the study of ethnicity in Canada. This includes articles on the subject of immigration, inter-group relations, and the experiences of ethnic communities, groups, and individuals.
Language: English
Access: Closed
Format: Print and Online (from 2007 onwards)
Frequency of publication: once per year
Focus: Canadian Jewish Studies is an interdisciplinary journal devoted to the study of Jewish life in Canada. It is produced by the Association for Canadian Jewish Studies.
Language: English and French
Access: Open
Format: Print and Online
Canadian Journal of Disability Studies
Frequency of publication: 4 times per year
Focus: The Canadian Journal of Disability Studies is an interdisciplinary journal with a focus on all research that advances disability issues.
Language: English
Access: Open
Format: Online
Canadian Journal Of Native Studies
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: The Canadian Journal of Native Studies publishes articles that relate to Indigenous communities, groups, individuals, policies, etc… in Canada and around the world. It is currently produced by Brandon University.
Language: English
Access: Open up to 2010, Closed afterwards
Format: Print and Online (free from the journal itself up to 2010 here, newer issues available through Proquest [must be logged into an institution to access])
Frequency of publication: Quarterly
Focus: This is an interdisciplinary journal which focuses on the early Americas (pre-1850s) and accepts articles which focus on history, art, material culture, anthropology, and other disciplines.
Language: English
Access: Available through Project Muse; subscription required.
Format: Print and Online
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Publication Schedule: Spring and Fall
Focus: This journal is interdisciplinary and focuses on Francophone communities outside of Quebec. It is particularly interested in the experiences of isolated and minority Francophone communities in North America.
Language: French
Access: Closed for the first two years, open afterwards
Format: Print and Online
Globe : revue internationale d’études québécoises
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: This journal is interdisciplinary and publishes articles relating to historical and contemporary Quebec.
Language: French
Access: Closed for the first two years, open afterwards
Format: Print and Online
International Journal of Canadian Studies
Frequency of publication: once per year
Focus: The International Journal of Canadian Studies is published by the University of Toronto Press. It is an interdisciplinary journal that publishes articles by Canadian and international scholars in the field of Canadian Studies.
Language: English and French
Access: Closed
Format: Print and Online (from 2013 onwards)
Frequency of publication: Three times per year
Publication Schedule: Winter, Spring, Fall
Focus: This journal publishes articles from a range of humanities and social science disciplines with a focus on Canadian history, culture and society.
Language: English and French
Access: Closed
Format: Print and Online
Journal Of New Brunswick Studies
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: The Journal of New Brunswick Studies is an interdisciplinary journal that is devoted to the study of the history, society, and culture of New Brunswick.
Language: English and French
Access: Open
Format: Online
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: Left History covers a range of topics from Marxist and Leninist theory, gender, class, sexuality, and labour.
Access: Open (must register on their website)
Format: Print, online.
London Journal of Canadian Studies
Frequency of publication: 1 times per year (November)
Focus: The London Journal of Canadian Studies is an interdisciplinary journal that focuses on Canadian history, politics, and society. All issues are thematic.
Language: English
Access: Open
Format: Print and Online (from Fall 2014 forward only)
Newfoundland And Labrador Studies
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Publication Schedule: Spring and Fall
Focus: Newfoundland and Labrador Studies, formerly known as Newfoundland Studies, is an interdisciplinary journal devoted to the study of all things related to the history, culture, and society of Newfoundland and Labrador.
Language: English and French
Access: Closed
Format: Online
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: Quebec Studies is an interdisciplinary journal that is devoted to all aspects of both Quebec and Francophone Canadian society, history, and culture
Language: English and French
Access: Closed
Format: Print and Online
Frequency of publication: once per year
Focus: Prairie Forum is an interdisciplinary journal devoted to all things related to the Canadian Prairies.
Language: English
Access: Open
Format: Print and Online
Topia: Canadian Journal of Cultural Studies
Frequency of publication: 2 times per year
Focus: Topia is an interdisciplinary journal articles that publishes articles using a cultural studies methodology. While the main focus of the journal is on Canadian culture, it does publish articles that examine other parts of the world as well.
Language: English
Access: Closed for the first 24 months, open afterwards
Format: Print and Online
Zeitschrift für Kanada-Studien (ZKS)
Frequency of publication: once per year
Focus: The ZKS is a journal that publishes articles in the field of Canadian studies, particularly work done by scholars living in German-speaking countries. Many people don’t know this, but Germany has a vibrant Canadian studies com
Language: English (primarily), French, German
Access: Closed for the first two years, open afterwards
Format: Print and Online
So there you have it — a basic introduction to peer-reviewed journals and and Canadian history peer-reviewed journals. Now what are you waiting for? Go out and research or submit your own work! In a future blog post, I’ll talk about databases and how to find good sources for your research, so keep an eye out for that. So, do you have any favourite publications? I really like Histoire Sociale, mostly because I’m a social history nerd. Any tricks for helping students determine which articles are peer-reviewed? Did I miss a journal you think I should add to my list? Let me know in the comments below!
If your students can read French, then you might add the Bulletin d’histoire politique (on Quebec/Canadian political history, published in French) and Mens. Revue d’histoire intellectuelle de l’Amérique française (on intellectual history in Quebec/Canada).
Ooh, I totally missed those! Thanks for letting me know. I’ll definitely add them to the list.
The peer-reviewed Zeitschrift für Kanada-Studien (http://www.kanada-studien.org/publikationen/zks/) is tri-lingual (English, French, German) but most submissions are in German.
Omg, my husband totally reads that, I wonder how I missed it. Thanks! I’ll add it to the list!
issues 64 (2015) and 65 (2016) have been published but are not yet openly available online (only for association members) but TOCs are (http://www.kanada-studien.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/zks2016_0_Inhalt.pdf)
Thanks for letting me know! I’ve updated the entry to reflect this.
sorry, meant to write most articles are in English (not German)!
Prairie Forum?
Staggering of late, but not completely moribund… I think.
Totally missed this one. The most recent issue is 2013. Do you know if it’s still active?
Well… remember when Hs/SH went into “hibernation” for several years. It happens
Fair enough. 😉
Globe. Revue internationale d’etudes québécoises. Interdisciplinary and French. The next issue is out this fall.
Thanks! Will add it to the list!
The Northern Mariner
Thanks! Will add it to the list!
You could also add Scientia Canadensis, the journal of the history of Canadian science and technology.
Great! Will do!
Another journal to add: Historical Studies in Education/Revue d’histoire de l’education.
Adding it to the list!
Thank you for this posting: It is excellent. Another inclusion could be the Canadian Journal of Law and Society.
Thank you! And thanks for the suggestion, we’ll be including it in our next update!
History of Intellectual Culture at U Calgary seems to be still kicking (albeit barely, it would seem). http://www.ucalgary.ca/hic/
LOL Thanks! I’ll add it to this list!
History Compass (www.history-compass.com) also publishes survey articles, though not just in Canadian history, that are often quite helpful for undergraduate students.
I definitely do check it on a regular basis for articles! Thanks!